the preservation of peace in all parts of the world* He emphasized the increasing concern of this Govern¬ment in the situation arising out of Italy's dispute with Ethiopia and expressed the earnest hope that a peaceful means might be found to arrive at a mutually satisfactory solution of the problem* "On August 18, 1935 President Roosevelt sent a personal message to Premier Mussolini of Italy, stating that the Government and people of the United States felt that failure to arrive at a peaceful settlement of this dispute and a subsequent outbreak of hostilities would be a world calamity the consequences of which would adversely affect the interests of all nations* "Ambassador Long cabled the Secretary of State on September 10, 1935 that there remained no vestige of doubt that Italy was Irrevocably determined to proceed in Africa* The Ambassador reported that the entire population, both military and civilian, was in complete accord with Mussolini's policies; that the press in every issue gave expression of the national determina¬tion to proceed to war and not to tolerate interference from any source* There was every indication of a care¬fully prepared, well-calculated, 'hard, cold, and cruel' prosecution of preconceived plans by the use of an army and navy which were almost fanatic in their idolatry of and devotion to one man and which were worked up to an emotional pitch unique in modern times*